Natural disasters are severe unfavorable events caused by naturalEarth phenomena, such as firestorms, dust storms, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, showers, and other geologic processes. A natural catastrophe can involve loss of life or property damage and economic harm, the severity of which is determined by the resilience of the affected people and the infrastructure available.
The distinction between natural, artificial, and man-accelerated is challenging to make inmodern times, with human decisions such as construction, fire, resource management, and even climate change possibly having a part. If an adverse event happens in a region without a susceptible population, it does not rise to the level of a catastrophe.
Natural disasters substantially influence the public health and well-being of the impacted communities. Adverse health consequences might be direct (for example, injuries) or indirect (e.g., malnutrition and increase in infectious diseases). These health difficulties are exacerbated in the aftermath of a natural catastrophe by destroying health systems, water and sanitation infrastructure, and the displacement of impacted people. Because of increasing homelessness, removal is relatively prevalent following significant natural disasters. In the early aftermath of a disaster, most displaced people live in overcrowded temporary shelters with little to no access to water and food, particularly in the first few days. Such living circumstances are excellent for developing infectious illnesses, which increases morbidity and death among displaced people.
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